#Performance Guidelines
Translation speed depends on document size, engine choice, AI refinement settings, and your computer. This page lists the app's real limits — the enforced hard caps and the tunable settings — plus practical advice for large projects.
#Hard Limits (Enforced, Not Suggestions)
These are hard caps. Files or text over these limits are rejected, not processed slowly. The in-app summary reads: "Documents up to 50MB · Subtitles up to 5MB · Videos up to 500MB."
| Limit | Value |
|---|---|
| Document upload (File Translation: PDF, DOCX, EPUB) | 50 MB |
| Subtitle file upload (SRT, VTT) | 5 MB |
| Video file upload (Subtitle Translation) | 500 MB |
| Quick Translate source text | 8,192 characters ("Text exceeds the maximum length of 8,192 characters.") |
| Chunks per job | 500 budgeted; 1000 hard limit (large texts are merged into bigger chunks, never dropped) |
| Chunk size setting | Backend clamps to 1000–10000 characters |
PDFs additionally have complexity guards. A PDF that exceeds them fails fast with "This PDF is too large or complex to translate in a single pass." and the suggested fix is exactly what works: split the PDF into smaller files (fewer pages) and translate the parts. A structurally broken file reports "This PDF appears to be damaged or invalid."
If a document exceeds the 50 MB cap, split it before uploading — see Working With EPUB, DOCX, and PDF.
#Hardware Expectations
The Providers/AI Models screen shows "Your Hardware Profile" and classifies your machine:
| Tier | Criteria | Practical meaning |
|---|---|---|
| "High-End Hardware" | GPU + 16 GB+ RAM | All engines and large local LLMs are practical; Maximum quality is realistic for full books |
| "Mid-Range Hardware" | 12 GB+ RAM | All MT engines fine; mid-size LLMs (~7–8B) for AI layers |
| "Low-End Hardware" | Below that | Prefer Argos and Fast/Balanced; use small LLMs (~1–3B) if any |
RAM is the binding constraint for local engines:
- Argos is the lightest engine and the best default on modest hardware.
- MarianMT/NLLB load neural models into system RAM (roughly 1–2 GB while active) and run on CPU; the app shows a "High RAM Usage" warning when you select them.
- Ollama/LM Studio models need RAM (or VRAM) proportional to model size — a 7B model wants ~5 GB, a 70B model ~40 GB. Follow the "Recommended" badges, which are matched to your tier.
- Disk space matters too: language packs (
50–100 MB each), Marian/NLLB weights (0.2–1.2 GB), COMET (~1–2 GB), and Ollama models (up to tens of GB) all accumulate — the AI Models screen tracks "Models Disk Usage".
#What Slows Jobs Down Most
Roughly in order of impact:
- AI refinement layers — every enabled stage (validation, rewrite, technical) multiplies per-chunk work. Maximum quality can be several times slower than Fast.
- Large models on limited hardware — an LLM that barely fits in RAM thrashes; a smaller model is often faster and better in practice.
- Scanned or complex PDFs — OCR and high-fidelity layout modes cost far more than clean text extraction. EPUB and DOCX are cheaper formats than PDF for the same content.
- Oversized chunks — approaching model context limits causes slow responses and retries.
- Background load — other heavy apps competing for the same RAM/CPU.
Retries also cost time by design: failed chunks back off ~5 s/15 s/45 s, and rate-limited providers can pause up to 5 minutes. A job that keeps retrying is telling you something — check the provider's status instead of waiting it out; see Troubleshooting.
#Tips For Large Projects
- Test small first. Run a chapter-sized sample and check quality, formatting, and speed before committing to the full book.
- Use Fast or Balanced for the first draft, then improve only the chunks that need it with Improve With AI or Chunk Overrides — much cheaper than re-running everything on Maximum.
- Don't re-run the whole job after glossary changes — re-run affected chunks.
- Enable "Prevent system sleep while translating" (Settings) for long unattended runs; "Auto-Resume Pending Translations" (default on) recovers jobs after restarts.
- Pause instead of cancelling. Pause/Resume on the Translations screen keeps completed chunks; you can even adjust settings while paused.
- Follow the "Recommended setup" hint in Auto Mode — it already accounts for your hardware tier.
#Large PDF Expectations
PDF is a visual layout format, not a clean text structure, so it is the slowest and least predictable input. For large PDFs:
- Let "PDF Translation Mode" stay on "Auto (recommended)" unless you have a reason to override; "Simple text" is fastest for plain-text PDFs, and "Fast (OCR for scanned PDFs)" handles scans.
- Translate a small sample and check paragraphs, headings, and tables before the full run.
- If the file trips the "too large or complex" guard, split it by page ranges and translate the parts.
- When you have the same content in EPUB or DOCX, prefer that source — see Working With EPUB, DOCX, and PDF.